Nathan Gardels at Noema:

The splinternet has predictably evolved into wars among platforms armed with predisposed views of reality that resist external checks on perceptions.   As Claire Webb writes in Noema, epistemes or paradigms determine how information is received and processed according to already established worldviews. In more lay language, as Yuval Noah Harari has argued, the shared stories we tell ourselves frame how we organize our lives, engage with others and, indeed, conceive of enemies and wage wars.  In short, the stubborn bubble of belief tends to trump reason and the realistic assessment of facts. That has always been the case, but more so when there is constant viral reinforcement in real-time from the like-minded aided and abetted by the state control or hyper-partisan bent of the mainstream media.